Neurologic Factors Associated with Cognitive Impairment in a Rural Elderly Population in India: The Indo-US Cross-National Dementia Epidemiology Study
Identifieur interne : 002167 ( Istex/Curation ); précédent : 002166; suivant : 002168Neurologic Factors Associated with Cognitive Impairment in a Rural Elderly Population in India: The Indo-US Cross-National Dementia Epidemiology Study
Auteurs : Vijay Chandra [États-Unis, Inde] ; Steven T. Dekosky [États-Unis, Inde] ; Rajesh Pandav [États-Unis, Inde] ; Janet Johnston [États-Unis, Inde] ; Steven H. Belle [États-Unis, Inde] ; Graham Ratcliff [États-Unis, Inde] ; Mary Ganguli [États-Unis, Inde]Source :
- Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology [ 0891-9887 ] ; 1998.
Descripteurs français
- Wicri :
- topic : épidémiologie, Collectivité rurale, Traumatisme.
English descriptors
- KwdEn :
- Abnormality, Ageing research, Attention subtest, Ballabgarh, Ballabgarh population, Census database, Chandra, Cognitive, Cognitive impairment, Cognitive test performance, Cognitive testing, Cognitive tests, Community medicine, Deep tendon reflexes, Dementia, Dementia epidemiology study, Dementing disorders, Drwl, Elderly individuals, Elderly population, Elders survey, Epidemiology, Female gender, Field workers, Gait abnormalities, Gait disturbance, Gait testing, Ganguli, Gender, Head trauma, Health services project, Hindi, Hindi battery, Hmse, Impairment, Literacy, Lower scores, Many subjects, Medical officer, Medical sciences, Memory test, Monongahela valley, Movies project, National institute, Neurologic, Neurologic abnormalities, Neurologic evaluation, Neurologic examination, Neurologic examinations, Neurologic factors, Neurologic history, Neurologic variables, Northern india, Nutritional deficiencies, Odds ratios, Other dementias, Overall sample, Percentile, Percentile score, Peripheral neuropathy, Pilot study, Positive response, Primitive reflex, Primitive reflexes, Random sample, Risk factors, Rural areas, Rural community, Rural district, Serial subtractions, State examination, Status test, Study population, Trauma, Word list.
- Teeft :
- Abnormality, Ageing research, Attention subtest, Ballabgarh, Ballabgarh population, Census database, Chandra, Cognitive, Cognitive impairment, Cognitive test performance, Cognitive testing, Cognitive tests, Community medicine, Deep tendon reflexes, Dementia, Dementia epidemiology study, Dementing disorders, Drwl, Elderly individuals, Elderly population, Elders survey, Epidemiology, Female gender, Field workers, Gait abnormalities, Gait disturbance, Gait testing, Ganguli, Gender, Head trauma, Health services project, Hindi, Hindi battery, Hmse, Impairment, Literacy, Lower scores, Many subjects, Medical officer, Medical sciences, Memory test, Monongahela valley, Movies project, National institute, Neurologic, Neurologic abnormalities, Neurologic evaluation, Neurologic examination, Neurologic examinations, Neurologic factors, Neurologic history, Neurologic variables, Northern india, Nutritional deficiencies, Odds ratios, Other dementias, Overall sample, Percentile, Percentile score, Peripheral neuropathy, Pilot study, Positive response, Primitive reflex, Primitive reflexes, Random sample, Risk factors, Rural areas, Rural community, Rural district, Serial subtractions, State examination, Status test, Study population, Trauma, Word list.
Abstract
Few reports exist of cognitive impairment and associated factors in developing countries. An age-stratified random sample of 388 men and women, 55 years and older, was drawn from a community-based population in the rural area of Ballabgarh in northern India. We classified as “cognitively impaired” those subjects who had scores below the 10th percentile of the population on a general mental status test (the Hindi Mental State Exam, HMSE) and, separately, on a memory test (Delayed Recall of a 10-Item Word List, DRWL). Three hundred seventy-six subjects also underwent a standardized neurologic history and examination. Neurologic factors associated with cognitive impairment, after adjusting for age, gender, and literacy, were history of impaired consciousness and findings of gait disturbance, diminished deep tendon reflexes, and the presence of at least one primitive reflex. We speculate that there may be unique risk factors in developing countries such as nutritional deficiencies leading to focal deficits and cognitive impairment.
Url:
DOI: 10.1177/089198879801100104
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type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></titleStmt><publicationStmt><idno type="wicri:source">ISTEX</idno><idno type="RBID">ISTEX:448C1F9AB87A06C0CB0FCED4D435FED2C9126EF6</idno><date when="1998" year="1998">1998</date><idno type="doi">10.1177/089198879801100104</idno><idno type="url">https://api.istex.fr/document/448C1F9AB87A06C0CB0FCED4D435FED2C9126EF6/fulltext/pdf</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Corpus">002167</idno><idno type="wicri:explorRef" wicri:stream="Istex" wicri:step="Corpus" wicri:corpus="ISTEX">002167</idno><idno type="wicri:Area/Istex/Curation">002167</idno></publicationStmt><sourceDesc><biblStruct><analytic><title level="a" type="main" xml:lang="en">Neurologic Factors Associated with Cognitive Impairment in a Rural Elderly Population in India: The Indo-US Cross-National Dementia Epidemiology Study</title><author><name sortKey="Chandra, Vijay" sort="Chandra, Vijay" uniqKey="Chandra V" first="Vijay" last="Chandra">Vijay Chandra</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation></mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="syntax">???</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Dekosky, Steven T" sort="Dekosky, Steven T" uniqKey="Dekosky S" first="Steven T." last="Dekosky">Steven T. Dekosky</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation></mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="syntax">???</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Pandav, Rajesh" sort="Pandav, Rajesh" uniqKey="Pandav R" first="Rajesh" last="Pandav">Rajesh Pandav</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation></mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="syntax">???</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Johnston, Janet" sort="Johnston, Janet" uniqKey="Johnston J" first="Janet" last="Johnston">Janet Johnston</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation></mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="syntax">???</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Belle, Steven H" sort="Belle, Steven H" uniqKey="Belle S" first="Steven H." last="Belle">Steven H. Belle</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation></mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="syntax">???</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ratcliff, Graham" sort="Ratcliff, Graham" uniqKey="Ratcliff G" first="Graham" last="Ratcliff">Graham Ratcliff</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation></mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="syntax">???</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author><author><name sortKey="Ganguli, Mary" sort="Ganguli, Mary" uniqKey="Ganguli M" first="Mary" last="Ganguli">Mary Ganguli</name><affiliation><mods:affiliation></mods:affiliation><wicri:noCountry code="syntax">???</wicri:noCountry></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>1 Department of Epidemiology, Graduate School of Public Health, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>2 Division of Geriatrics and Neuropsychiatry, Department of Psychiatry, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="1"><mods:affiliation>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi, India</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">Inde</country><wicri:regionArea>3 Centre for Ageing Research, New Delhi</wicri:regionArea></affiliation><affiliation wicri:level="2"><mods:affiliation>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania</mods:affiliation><country xml:lang="fr">États-Unis</country><placeName><region type="state">Pennsylvanie</region></placeName><wicri:cityArea>4 Healthsouth Harmarville Rehabilitation Center, Pittsburgh</wicri:cityArea></affiliation></author></analytic><monogr></monogr><series><title level="j">Journal of geriatric psychiatry and neurology</title><title level="j" type="abbrev">J Geriatr Psychiatry Neurol</title><idno type="ISSN">0891-9887</idno><idno type="eISSN">1552-5708</idno><imprint><publisher>SAGE Publications</publisher><pubPlace>Sage CA: Los Angeles, CA</pubPlace><date type="published" when="1998">1998</date><biblScope unit="volume">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="issue">1</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" from="11">11</biblScope><biblScope unit="page" to="17">17</biblScope></imprint><idno type="ISSN">0891-9887</idno></series></biblStruct></sourceDesc><seriesStmt><idno type="ISSN">0891-9887</idno></seriesStmt></fileDesc><profileDesc><textClass><keywords scheme="KwdEn" xml:lang="en"><term>Abnormality</term><term>Ageing research</term><term>Attention subtest</term><term>Ballabgarh</term><term>Ballabgarh population</term><term>Census database</term><term>Chandra</term><term>Cognitive</term><term>Cognitive impairment</term><term>Cognitive test performance</term><term>Cognitive testing</term><term>Cognitive tests</term><term>Community medicine</term><term>Deep tendon reflexes</term><term>Dementia</term><term>Dementia epidemiology study</term><term>Dementing disorders</term><term>Drwl</term><term>Elderly individuals</term><term>Elderly population</term><term>Elders survey</term><term>Epidemiology</term><term>Female gender</term><term>Field workers</term><term>Gait abnormalities</term><term>Gait disturbance</term><term>Gait testing</term><term>Ganguli</term><term>Gender</term><term>Head trauma</term><term>Health services project</term><term>Hindi</term><term>Hindi battery</term><term>Hmse</term><term>Impairment</term><term>Literacy</term><term>Lower scores</term><term>Many subjects</term><term>Medical officer</term><term>Medical sciences</term><term>Memory test</term><term>Monongahela valley</term><term>Movies project</term><term>National institute</term><term>Neurologic</term><term>Neurologic abnormalities</term><term>Neurologic evaluation</term><term>Neurologic examination</term><term>Neurologic examinations</term><term>Neurologic factors</term><term>Neurologic history</term><term>Neurologic variables</term><term>Northern india</term><term>Nutritional deficiencies</term><term>Odds ratios</term><term>Other dementias</term><term>Overall sample</term><term>Percentile</term><term>Percentile score</term><term>Peripheral neuropathy</term><term>Pilot study</term><term>Positive response</term><term>Primitive reflex</term><term>Primitive reflexes</term><term>Random sample</term><term>Risk factors</term><term>Rural areas</term><term>Rural community</term><term>Rural district</term><term>Serial subtractions</term><term>State examination</term><term>Status test</term><term>Study population</term><term>Trauma</term><term>Word list</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Teeft" xml:lang="en"><term>Abnormality</term><term>Ageing research</term><term>Attention subtest</term><term>Ballabgarh</term><term>Ballabgarh population</term><term>Census database</term><term>Chandra</term><term>Cognitive</term><term>Cognitive impairment</term><term>Cognitive test performance</term><term>Cognitive testing</term><term>Cognitive tests</term><term>Community medicine</term><term>Deep tendon reflexes</term><term>Dementia</term><term>Dementia epidemiology study</term><term>Dementing disorders</term><term>Drwl</term><term>Elderly individuals</term><term>Elderly population</term><term>Elders survey</term><term>Epidemiology</term><term>Female gender</term><term>Field workers</term><term>Gait abnormalities</term><term>Gait disturbance</term><term>Gait testing</term><term>Ganguli</term><term>Gender</term><term>Head trauma</term><term>Health services project</term><term>Hindi</term><term>Hindi battery</term><term>Hmse</term><term>Impairment</term><term>Literacy</term><term>Lower scores</term><term>Many subjects</term><term>Medical officer</term><term>Medical sciences</term><term>Memory test</term><term>Monongahela valley</term><term>Movies project</term><term>National institute</term><term>Neurologic</term><term>Neurologic abnormalities</term><term>Neurologic evaluation</term><term>Neurologic examination</term><term>Neurologic examinations</term><term>Neurologic factors</term><term>Neurologic history</term><term>Neurologic variables</term><term>Northern india</term><term>Nutritional deficiencies</term><term>Odds ratios</term><term>Other dementias</term><term>Overall sample</term><term>Percentile</term><term>Percentile score</term><term>Peripheral neuropathy</term><term>Pilot study</term><term>Positive response</term><term>Primitive reflex</term><term>Primitive reflexes</term><term>Random sample</term><term>Risk factors</term><term>Rural areas</term><term>Rural community</term><term>Rural district</term><term>Serial subtractions</term><term>State examination</term><term>Status test</term><term>Study population</term><term>Trauma</term><term>Word list</term></keywords><keywords scheme="Wicri" type="topic" xml:lang="fr"><term>épidémiologie</term><term>Collectivité rurale</term><term>Traumatisme</term></keywords></textClass><langUsage><language ident="en">en</language></langUsage></profileDesc></teiHeader><front><div type="abstract" xml:lang="en">Few reports exist of cognitive impairment and associated factors in developing countries. An age-stratified random sample of 388 men and women, 55 years and older, was drawn from a community-based population in the rural area of Ballabgarh in northern India. We classified as “cognitively impaired” those subjects who had scores below the 10th percentile of the population on a general mental status test (the Hindi Mental State Exam, HMSE) and, separately, on a memory test (Delayed Recall of a 10-Item Word List, DRWL). Three hundred seventy-six subjects also underwent a standardized neurologic history and examination. Neurologic factors associated with cognitive impairment, after adjusting for age, gender, and literacy, were history of impaired consciousness and findings of gait disturbance, diminished deep tendon reflexes, and the presence of at least one primitive reflex. We speculate that there may be unique risk factors in developing countries such as nutritional deficiencies leading to focal deficits and cognitive impairment.</div></front></TEI></record>Pour manipuler ce document sous Unix (Dilib)
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